14第14章

【畅读更新加载慢，有广告，章节不完整，请退出畅读后阅读！】

InfluencedbytheAmericanmovement,theUnitedKingdomestablishedtheConsumers’Associationin1957,whichgrewto700,000members,makingitBritain'slargestconsumerorganization.Itsflagshippublication,Which?,focusedoncomparativeproducttestingandwieldedconsiderableinfluence.Additionally,theConsumerAdvisoryCouncilsetupbytheBritishStandardsInstitutionpublishedtheShoppingGuide,providingreaderswithevaluationsofproductinspections.OthernationalconsumerbodiesincludedtheSocietyforConsumerAffairs,theNationalFederationofConsumerOrganizations,andtheNationalConsumerProtectionCouncil.Propelledbytheconsumermovement,theBoardofTradeappointedtheCommitteeonConsumerProtectionCCPin1959toinvestigateconsumerprotectionissues.TheCommittee’sfinalreportin1962containedproposalsforlegalreformsinthefieldofconsumerprotection,significantlyinfluencingBritishconsumerpolicy.Underimmensepressurefromthemovement,theUKestablishedtheDepartmentofPricesandConsumerProtectionin1974tooverseepoliciesandlegislationregardingconsumeraffairs.





InJapan,signsofapre-warconsumermovementappearedasearlyasthe"RiceRiots"KomeSōdōduringtheMeijiera1897,whichprotestedhighriceprices.Intheearly1950s,amovementcenteredonopposingpricehikesemerged.In1951,theJapaneseConsumers’Co-operativeUnionJCCUwasfounded.By1953,theJapaneseeconomyhadrecoveredtopre-warlevels,andfollowingthe"JimmuBoom"and"IwatoBoom"startingin1955,Japanenteredaneraofmassconsumption.InSeptember1955,theHousewives’AssociationofJapanconvenedthe"LifeDefenseConsumers’Conference,"regardedastheawakeningoftheJapaneseconsumer.In1956,elevenorganizationsformedtheNationalLiaisonCouncilofConsumerOrganizations;thefollowingyear,theyheldthe"NationalConsumerCongress"andissuedtheConsumerManifesto.Itdemandedthatthepricingandqualityofallproductsbedeterminedrespectingconsumerwillandputforwardthesloganof"consumersovereignty."In1959,theJapanesegovernmentpublisheditsWhitePaperonNationalLife,introducingtheslogan"ConsumerRevolution."Alongsidethisrevolution,newtypesofconsumerissuesarose,suchasenvironmentalpollutionanddefectiveproducts.TheJapanProductivityCenterestablishedaConsumerEducationCommitteein1958andlaunchedthemagazineShoppin