7第7章 (2/2)

【畅读更新加载慢，有广告，章节不完整，请退出畅读后阅读！】

; 
ation"61"isthetypecodeofthelathe,differentiatingitsstructurallayoutfromoldlathes.Thefinalnumber"40"isthecoreprocessingparameter,indicatingthemaximummachiningdiameterofthislathereaches400millimeters,grantingitawidermachiningsizerangeandstrongercompatibility.Meanwhile,theCA6140supportsleft-handthreadmachining,makingupforthefunctionaldeficiencyofoldlathes.Itcanprocessavarietyofmetalmaterials,anduserscanflexiblyadjustspindlespeedandfeedrateaccordingtoworkpiecesofdifferentmaterialsanddiameters.Withremarkableimprovementsinmachiningaccuracy,operationalstabilityandversatility,itactsastheprimaryprocessingequipmentinmechanicalworkshops.
  

  

  
Aftermasteringlathemodelsandequipmentcharacteristics,wemovedontostudythecoretheoryofturningprocessing:thethreecuttingparameters.Theseparametersformthetheoreticalbasisforallturningoperations,directlydeterminingworkpieceprocessingquality,toolwearandmachiningefficiency,andarecriticalindicatorsthatlatheoperatorsmuststrictlycontrolinpractice.Thethreecuttingparametersconsistofcuttingspeed,cuttingdepthandfeedrate,whichinteractandrestrictoneanother,allbeingindispensable.
  

  

  
Cuttingspeedreferstotherelativemovingspeedbetweenthecuttingedgeofthetoolandtheworkpiecesurface.Itsadjustmentmainlydependsonworkpiecematerial,toolmaterialandmachiningprecisionrequirements.Forhigh-hardnesssteelworkpieces,thecuttingspeedshouldbereducedtoavoidtooledgechippingandsurfaceburningofworkpieces;forsoftmaterialssuchasaluminumandcopper,thespindlespeedandcuttingspeedcanbeappropriatelyincreasedtoraiseprocessingefficiency.TheoldC620-1latheisfittedwithlimitedfixedspeedgears,failingtoaccuratelymatchthecuttingspeedrequirementsofvariousmaterials,whereastheCA6140providesawidespeedadjustmentrangewithrefinedgearstoaccommodatethecuttingdemandsofdiversematerials.
  

  

  
Cuttingdepthmeansthedepththetoolcutsintotheworkpieceinasingleturningpass,mainlyaffectingmachiningallowanceanddimensionalaccuracyofworkpieces.Inroughmachining,thecuttingdepthcanbeproperlyincreasedtoquicklyremoveexcessmaterialandboostefficiency;infinishmachining,thecuttingdepthmustbereducedtotrimdimensionslayerbylayer,ensuringflatworkpiecesurfacesandprecisemeasurements,andpreventingdimensionaldeviations,surfacescratchesandotherdefects.
  

  

  
Feedraterepresentstheaxialdistancethetooltravelsforeveryfullrotationoftheworkpiece.Anexcessivelylargefeedratewillcauseroughworkpiecesurfaceswithobvioustoolmarks,andmayevenleadtotoolbreakageandworkpiecedeformation.Anoverlysmallfeedratedrasticallylowersprocessingefficiency,andmayresultinprolongedfrictionbetweenthetoolandworkpiece,causingthermaldeformation,annealingandblackenedsurfacesofworkpieces.Inpracticaloperations,operatorsneedtoreasonablymatchthethreecuttingparametersaccordingtoroughandfinishmachiningdemandstobalanceefficiencyandproductquality.
  

  

  
Uponfinishingtheoreticalstudies,weenteredthepracticalskilltrainingphase,systematica